撒哈拉以南非洲地区选择食品传播病原体的抗菌素耐药性:系统性审查和元分析
Kedir A Hassen1,2, Jose Fafetine1,2, Laurinda Augusto1,2
1Department of Animal and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary (FAVET), Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), Maputo 1102, Mozambique.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
抗微生物耐药性 (AMR) 和多药性耐药性 (MDR) 在撒哈拉以南非洲的食物传播病原体中普遍存在. 迫切需要健康监督和政策协调,以应对对食品安全和公共卫生日益严重的威胁.
科学领域:
- 食品安全与公共卫生问题
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 食品传播动物性传染病原体中抗微生物耐药性 (AMR) 的增加对撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 的食品安全和公共卫生构成重大威胁.
- 局限的区域数据和监测阻碍了对抗药物耐药性的有效政策应对,影响人类和动物健康.
- 抗菌素耐药性损害了治疗的有效性,并威胁到可持续的食品系统.
研究的目的:
- 估计SAS中关键的食源病原体中AMR和多药耐药性 (MDR) 的综合流行率.
- 为了比较不同国家,病原体物种和抗生素类别之间的AMR流行率.
- 评估AMR和MDR的时间趋势.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA 2020指南进行的90项研究 (2010-2025) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 包括的研究报告了SSA中来自食品或动物来源的*Salmonella*,*Campylobacter*或*E. coli*的AMR和MDR.
- 在R软件中的随机效应元分析估计了聚合流行率,置信区间,并进行了子组分析.
主要成果:
- 综合的流行率:食物传播病原体 (53.1%),AMR (61.6%) 和MDR (9.1%).
- 在 *Campylobacter* spp. 中观察到的最高耐药性. (43.6%),其次是 * 沙门氏菌 * spp. (29.1%) 和大肠杆菌 (22.8%).
- 在各个研究中发现了很高的异质性 (I2 = 95-99%,p < 0.001).
结论:
- 在SSA食品系统中存在相当大的AMR负担,需要立即采取行动.
- 综合健康监测,抗菌药物管理和政策协调至关重要.
- 加强实验室能力,促进谨慎使用抗微生物药物,加强区域数据共享对于抗菌药物耐药性管理至关重要.
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