CT强度和对比变量的对基于深度学习的肺结节检测的影响:对预处理和协调策略的系统审查 (2020-2025)
Saba Khan1, Muhammad Nouman Noor1, Imran Ashraf1
1School of Computing, National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences (FAST-NUCES), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
标准化CT图像预处理和使用协调意识的深度学习模型对于肺癌查中可靠的AI至关重要. 这确保了人工智能系统在不同的扫描仪和设置中始终保持一致.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一.
- 通过低剂量计算机断层扫描 (LDCT) 的早期检测显著改善了生存率.
- CT采集参数的变化 (例如,Hounsfield Unit校准,重建内核) 阻碍了深度学习 (DL) 系统的性能.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查预处理和协调策略,以减轻肺癌检测中的CT强度变化.
- 评估不同方法在提高DL系统的稳定性和通用性的有效性.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA 2020指南进行系统审查,搜索主要的学术数据库,查找2020-2025年的研究.
- 包括100项符合条件的研究,评估预处理技术,如对比度增强,HU保存正常化,物理信息协调和基于DL的重建.
- 分析策略对结节的明显性,定量完整性和扫描仪的性能下降的影响.
主要成果:
- 感知方法 (例如,CLAHE) 提高了灵敏度,但扭曲了HU值.
- 保存HU的方法 (例如,ComBat,物理知情消噪) 是最有效的,在保持定量完整性的同时,降低性能退化到<8%.
- 与CNN (AUC 0.85-0.88) 相比,基于变压器的架构显示出更高的稳定性 (AUC 0.90-0.92).
结论:
- 标准化,HU忠实预处理和协调意识的AI模型对于肺癌查中的临床可靠性和供应商无关AI至关重要.
- 多中心外部验证对于强大的AI开发至关重要.
- 在研究中对获取参数的异质报告限制了全面的综合.
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