自闭症和非自闭症青年之间的执行功能表现和皮质激活在fNIRS侧面任务期间的差异:试点研究
Jung-Mei Tsai1,2, Jacob Corey2,3, Daisuke Tsuzuki4
1Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Delaware, 540 S College Avenue, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
Brain sciences
|January 28, 2026
概括
与对照人群相比,自闭症青少年表现出更大的执行功能 (EF) 挑战和独特的皮质激活模式. 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 揭示了自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中潜在的补偿神经活动.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 经常与执行功能 (EF) 缺陷有关.
- 在自闭症青少年中EF挑战的特定神经支仍然不完全理解.
- 本研究调查了自闭症和非自闭症年轻人之间EF表现和相关皮质激活的差异.
研究的目的:
- 检查自闭症与非自闭症年轻人的执行功能 (EF) 性能,使用修改后的Flanker任务.
- 通过使用功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 测量皮质激活来研究EF挑战的神经相关物.
- 在两组中探索大脑活动,EF表现和临床措施之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 30名年龄相匹配的年轻人 (15名自闭症,15名非自闭症) 完成了一个修改后的Flanker任务.
- 用fNIRS.测量了前额头,额头和部区域的皮质激活.
- 执行职能行为评级清单 (BRIEF) 评估了一般EF损伤;使用ANCOVA和Pearson相关性分析的数据.
主要成果:
- 自闭症青少年表现出明显更大的反应时间变化和更高的BRIEF分数,表明EF发育延迟.
- 在不相称的条件下,自闭症青少年显示左下顶叶 (IPL) 激活减少,缺乏典型的左侧激活.
- 左下上神经 (STS) 激活与自闭症患者的EF较差相关,而右半球激活表明了补偿模式.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,EF性能的神经相关物中存在自闭症特异性差异.
- 有证据表明,自闭症青少年的大脑中可能存在替代的补偿激活模式.
- 基于fNIRS的神经测量对于了解自闭症中EF差异的神经基础是有价值的.
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