考试焦虑和认知压力对与错误相关的大脑活动的影响
Zhenni Jin1, Fangfang Long2, Hua Wei1
1Department of Psychology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215000, China.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
高度的测试焦虑与更高的错误敏感性相关,但短暂的压力不会改变与错误相关的消极性 (ERN). 特征测试焦虑,而不是情境压力,影响认知任务中的错误处理.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理生理学 心理生理学
- 焦虑研究 焦虑研究
背景情况:
- 考试焦虑会影响认知控制和表现,特别是错误监测.
- 以前的研究将焦虑与认知缺陷联系起来,但对压力下对错误处理的具体影响不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查测试焦虑和诱导的认知压力如何影响错误处理,特别是与错误相关的消极性 (ERN).
- 区分特征测试焦虑与急性压力对错误监测神经相关的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者被分为高测试焦虑 (HTA) 和低测试焦虑 (LTA) 组.
- 用社会比较的雷文进步矩阵测试诱导认知压力.
- 脑电图 (EEG) 测量了与错误相关的负面性 (ERN),正确反应负面性 (CRN) 和 ΔERN 在压力诱导前后的Flanker任务中.
主要成果:
- HTA个体表现出更大的ERN幅度的趋势,表明更高的错误灵敏度.
- 在压力前和压力后的条件之间没有发现ERN,CRN或ΔERN的显著变化.
- ERN幅度与特征测试焦虑比与急性压力操纵更密切相关.
结论:
- 特征测试焦虑,而不是暂时的认知压力,似乎是影响错误相关消极性的主要因素.
- 具有较高内在测试焦虑的个体对错误表现出更大的神经反应,独立于即时的情境压力.
相关概念视频
Fundamental Attribution Error
13.7K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
13.7K
Anxiety: Overview
1.0K
Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
1.0K
Cognitive Dissonance
37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors
10.9K
In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
10.9K
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
685
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
685
Social Anxiety Disorder
491
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
491


