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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

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日本艾滋病毒感染男性的癌症风险:18年单中心队列研究
Keiji Konishi1,2, Tomoko Uehira1, Kazuyuki Hirota1
1AIDS Medical Center, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan.
Cancers
|January 28, 2026
概括
在日本,艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的整体癌症风险已经下降,艾滋病定义恶性瘤 (ADM) 也减少了. 然而,某些非艾滋病确定的恶性瘤 (NADMs) 的风险仍然很高,需要有针对性的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病 (艾滋病毒/艾滋病)
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 癌症的流行病学格局已经从定义艾滋病的恶性瘤 (ADM) 转向非定义艾滋病的恶性瘤 (NADM).
- 了解PWH癌症发病率的时间趋势对于公共卫生和临床管理至关重要.
- 艾滋病毒治疗的进步改变了相关癌症的频谱和发病率.
研究的目的:
- 检查日本HIV队列中所有恶性瘤的标准化发病率 (SIR) 的时间变化.
- 为了比较ADM和NADM的发生率随着时间的推移,与一般男性人口相比.
- 为了在PWH中识别具有持续高风险的特定癌症,以进行有针对性的预防.
主要方法:
- 在大阪国立医院接受艾滋病毒治疗的3793名男性的回顾性队列研究 (2007-2024年).
- 恶性瘤的诊断是从医疗记录中提取的.
- 通过将观察到的病例与预期病例进行比较来计算SIRs,该比率基于日本男性的一般癌症发病率,分析了四个时间段.
主要成果:
- 恶性瘤的整体SIR显著下降,从5.12 (2007-2011) 降至0.86 (2021-2024).
- 观察到ADM的显著下降 (SIR: 111.93至5.70),包括卡波西肉瘤和艾滋病相关的淋巴瘤.
- 对于NADM的SIR下降,但仍然与一般人群相比,门和口腔/喉癌的风险仍然很高.
结论:
- 在日本,艾滋病毒感染男性中,整体癌症负担,特别是ADMs,已经下降.
- 特定的NADM,如门和口腔/喉癌,继续构成重大风险.
- 针对PWH的癌症预防策略应该优先考虑高风险的NADM.
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