成熟脂肪细胞的脱差及其对再生医学应用的未来潜力
Deniz Simal Bayulgen1, Sheila Veronese1, Andrea Sbarbati1
1Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Biomedicines
|January 28, 2026
概括
成熟的脂肪细胞可以分化为类似干细胞的细胞 (DFAT细胞),在治疗和疾病中发挥双重作用. 本综述探讨了它们的机制,再生医学的潜力和病理影响.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 干细胞研究 干细胞研究
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
背景情况:
- 成熟的脂肪细胞传统上被视为终端分化细胞,仅用于脂质储存.
- 最近的发现揭示了脂肪细胞可以分化成纤维细胞样的原始细胞,称为分化脂肪细胞 (DFAT).
- DFAT细胞具有类似干细胞的特性和多系细胞的潜力,这表明它们在组织修复和疾病中起着重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和整合关于脂肪细胞脱差机制的证据.
- 探索DFAT细胞的培养方法,病理生理学作用和治疗潜力.
- 了解脂肪细胞塑性在健康和疾病中的双重性质.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed上使用与脂肪细胞脱差和转差相关的关键词进行了系统的文献综述.
- 选和选择的研究遵循PRISMA 2020指南,不包括非英语,非全文和评论文章.
- 包括53项相关研究,并根据其摘要进行分类进行分析.
主要成果:
- 成熟的脂肪细胞在体外 (天花板培养) 和体内分化为具有增殖和多系细胞的能力的DFAT细胞.
- 脱差涉及脂分泌和改变的基因表达 (PPARG,C/EBPα的下调;干性标记物的上调).
- DFAT细胞促进组织再生,但可以通过Wnt/β-catenin和TGF-β通路促进纤维化,胰岛素耐药性和瘤进展.
结论:
- 脂肪细胞脱差是一种动态的重编程过程,在再生医学和伤口愈合中起着有益的作用.
- 相反,它可以对代谢疾病和癌症进展产生有害影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定体内调节剂,建立明确的标记物,并将DFAT细胞潜力转化为临床应用.
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