巴西黑人妇女的孕产妇死亡率:一个回顾性队列研究
Gustavo Gonçalves Dos Santos1,2,3, Anuli Njoku4, Reginaldo Roque Mafetoni5
1Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
International journal of environmental research and public health
|January 28, 2026
概括
由于系统不平等,孕产妇死亡率不成比例地影响着巴西的黑人妇女. 解决这些差异需要紧急,跨部门的公共卫生政策,以实现公平的孕产妇护理.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 巴西的孕产妇死亡率突显出在产科护理的获得和质量方面存在显著的社会和种族差异.
- 黑人妇女在怀孕,分娩和分娩后面临死亡风险较高,原因是制度种族主义,贫困和社会脆弱性.
- 现有的医疗保健系统表现出结构性失败,影响了母亲的结果,特别是对于边缘化种族群体.
研究的目的:
- 分析趋势并确定与巴西黑人妇女产妇死亡率相关的因素.
- 量化黑人妇女与其他种族群体之间的孕产妇死亡率差异.
- 调查社会经济和区域因素对孕产妇死亡风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用巴西死亡率信息系统 (2000-2020年) 进行回顾性队列分析研究.
- 纳入标准:年龄在10-49岁之间的女性,其死亡被ICD-10代码O00-O99分类.
- 统计分析包括描述性,双变量,Poisson和多项逻辑回归来评估皮肤颜色和其他变量的风险比率.
主要成果:
- 产妇死亡总数为40,907,其中59.2%发生在黑人妇女中.
- 黑人女性的孕产妇死亡率比白人女性高39%,土著女性的孕产妇死亡率超过两倍.
- 独立的风险因素包括教育程度低,居住在北/东北地区,医院外死亡,以及缺乏正式调查. 高血压疾病和产后并发症是主要原因.
结论:
- 巴西黑人妇女的孕产妇死亡率凸显了严重的结构性不平等.
- 迫切需要公共政策,整合种族,性别和阶级观点,以减少差异.
- 确保公平和有尊严的孕产妇医疗保健需要进行系统性改变,以解决死亡的根本原因.
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