在理解阿尔茨海默氏症和相关痴呆症的种族差异方面表观遗传学
Kumudu Subasinghe1, Harlan P Jones1,2, Robert Barber3,4
1Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, UNT Health, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
International journal of molecular sciences
|January 28, 2026
概括
表观基因组研究揭示了环境因素如何影响阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 病理. 这种方法为减少不同人群的健康差异提供了洞察力,朝着针对AD/ADRD的精准医学迈进.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和相关的痴呆症 (ADRD) 是影响老年人的主要神经退行性疾病,没有可用的永久治疗方法.
- 现有的AD/ADRD研究主要集中在高加索人群中,忽视了非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔等少数群体中观察到的重大健康差异.
- 与白人相比,非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔人患AD/ADRD的患病率几乎是白人患病率的两倍,这突显了严重的健康不平等.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近在AD和相关痴呆症中的表观基因组发现.
- 讨论表观遗传学在解决AD/ADRD中种族差异方面的作用.
- 探索在AD/ADRD的精密医学中表观基因组应用的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 关于与AD/ADRD相关的近期表观遗传学研究的文献综述.
- 对表观遗传学数据的分析,以了解由于环境因素导致的基因表达变化.
- 对人口特异性表观遗传学模式的发现及其对健康差异的影响的综合.
主要成果:
- 表观基因组学研究环境诱导的基因表达变化,与遗传变异不同.
- 最近的表观基因组研究表明,理解AD/ADRD病理学和开发特定人群的诊断和治疗工具是有前途的.
- 目前,有限数量的研究解决了消除AD/ADRD种族差异的表观遗传学应用.
结论:
- 表观基因组研究对于了解AD/ADRD健康差异背后的生物学机制至关重要.
- 有针对性的表观基因组策略有可能开发精准医学方法来打击AD/ADRD不平等.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分利用表观遗传学来消除AD/ADRD的种族差异.
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