自闭症谱系障碍严重程度对儿童和青少年牙健康状况的直接和间接影响:结构方程建模方法
Eglė Slabšinskienė1, Lukrecija Lazarukaitė1, Nikolajus Kurenkovas2
1Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, J. Lukšos-Daumanto st. 6, LT-50106 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|January 28, 2026
概括
自闭症严重程度直接影响儿童和青少年的牙健康. 促进定期刷牙的干预措施可以显著改善自闭症患者的口腔健康结果.
科学领域:
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 关于自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 如何影响牙健康的证据有限,无论是通过口腔卫生,饮食还是直接影响.
- 了解这些途径对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症严重程度对儿童和青少年牙健康的直接和间接影响.
- 检查牙刷行为和饮食选择的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及399名自闭症儿童 (2-18岁) 的母亲的横截面研究.
- 利用家长报告的关于自闭症严重程度,牙健康,刷牙意愿和饮食质量的数据.
- 使用结构方程建模 (SEM) 来分析因果路径.
主要成果:
- 自闭症的严重程度,饮食质量和刷牙的意愿解释了牙健康差异的37%.
- 自闭症严重程度有显著的直接影响 (0.199) 和间接影响通过刷牙 (0.137) 和饮食质量 (0.070).
- 牙刷行为成为ASD对牙健康影响的主要媒介.
结论:
- 父母报告的自闭症严重程度与牙健康结果有显著的关联,无论是直接还是间接.
- 专注于改善刷牙习惯的干预措施是减少自闭症患者牙健康差异的关键.
- 促进更健康的饮食习惯也可能有助于改善牙健康结果.
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