来自海上石油生产平台的水再注入系统中的硫化物生产和微生物动力学
Vitória da Silva Pereira Domingues1, Maira Paula de Sousa2, Vinicius Waldow2
1Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
Microorganisms
|January 28, 2026
概括
在石油回收中再注入产生的水 (PW) 可能会导致由于硫酸盐减少细菌 (SRB) 的高硫化 (H2S) 水平. 对PW的漂浮处理不足,可能会在再注入系统中丰富SRB.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 石油工程是石油工程中的一个.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 石油公司使用海水注入 (IH) 和产水 (PW) 再注入 (PWRI) 来提高石油回收.
- PWRI系统和相关的水源 (IH,PW) 可能含有减少硫酸盐的细菌 (SRB),导致油库通过生产硫化 (H2S) 酸化.
- 标准的PW处理涉及漂浮去除油,但其微生物控制有效性受到质疑.
研究的目的:
- 评估巴西一个油库的IH,PW和PWRI系统中的H2S生产和微生物动态.
- 评估浮动处理对微生物群体,特别是PW中的SRB的有效性.
- 确定这些油田水系统中与H2S生产相关的关键微生物群.
主要方法:
- 硫化 (H2S) 的度测量.
- 使用最可能数 (MPN) 计数进行微生物分析.
- 定量PCR (qPCR) 用于有针对性的SRB检测.
- 对于全面的微生物组概况的安普利康测序.
主要成果:
- 水样本显示了最高的平均H2S度.
- 在18%的PW和16%的PWRI样本中,超过了2毫克L-1的H2S值.
- 虽然MPN没有显示相关性,但qPCR和测序确定了Desulfobacterota作为PW和PWRI中占主导地位的SRB.
- 漂浮治疗在PW中显示微生物控制不佳,并导致SRB (Desulfobacterota),Thermotogota和Proteobacteria在PWRI中的丰富.
结论:
- 水是H2S的重要来源,即使经过处理后,也可能导致储酸化.
- 漂浮对于控制PW中的SRB是不够的,可能会加剧PWRI系统中的微生物问题.
- 微生物组分析对于了解SRB动态和为减轻油田运营中的H2S生产策略提供信息至关重要.
相关概念视频
Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water
1.7K
Pure water is a weak electrolyte; only a small amount ionizes into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. At any given temperature, the concentration of undissociated water is almost constant, so the ionic product of water is the product of the hydrogen and hydroxide ion concentrations, denoted as Kw. The square root of Kw gives the individual ion concentrations.
The ionic product of water varies with temperature, and its value is 1.0 x 10−14 at standard experimental conditions. Per Le...
The ionic product of water varies with temperature, and its value is 1.0 x 10−14 at standard experimental conditions. Per Le...
1.7K
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides
5.8K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
5.8K
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides
5.7K
Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry,...
5.7K
Dynamic Equilibrium
62.4K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
62.4K
States of Water
56.8K
Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
56.8K
Microbial Morphologies
2.3K
Bacterial and archaeal cells exhibit remarkable diversity in shape and structure, critical in their adaptability and functionality. Among bacteria, the most commonly observed shapes include cocci and bacilli. Cocci are spherical and may exist singly or in groupings such as pairs (diplococci), chains (streptococci), clusters (staphylococci), or tetrads. Bacilli, in contrast, are rod-shaped and can also occur as single cells, in pairs, or chains, depending on their environmental and genetic...
2.3K


