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海洋环境中的水传原生虫寄生虫和产性疾病:检测技术,指标和公共卫生影响
Pilar Suarez1,2,3, José Luís Alonso4, Gladys Vidal1,2
1Environmental Engineering & Biotechnology Group (GIBA-UDEC), Environmental Science Faculty & EULA-CHILE Center, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile.
Microorganisms
|January 28, 2026
概括
海洋环境带来了寄生虫感染的风险,例如海水和贝类中发现的Cryptosporidium和Giardia等寄生虫. 改善监测对于沿海地区的公共卫生至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 塔拉索原性疾病是由于人类暴露在海洋环境中造成的.
- 菌菌种,Giardia duodenalis,以及胚囊菌种. 是常见的水传染病原体.
- 海洋环境可以作为这些人类病原体的储.
研究的目的:
- 审查Cryptosporidium spp.,Giardia duodenalis和Blastocystis spp.的发生情况. 在海水和贝类中.
- 评估这些寄生虫感染对公共卫生的影响.
- 发现环境监测中的差距,并提出未来的战略.
主要方法:
- 2015年至2026年间发表的研究文献综述.
- 分析贝类和海水中的寄生虫度.
- 评估海洋环境中的流行率.
主要成果:
- 克里普托斯波里迪亚 spp. 在贝类中检测到5.5 × 10^1个卵囊/g,在海水中检测到3.7 × 10^1个卵囊/L.
- 在贝类和海水中发现的Giardia duodenalis在9.1 × 10^1 囊/g和3.5 × 10^1 囊/L.
- 胚胎囊 sp. 的情况. 在贝类中占比为33.82%,在海水中占比为17.3%.
结论:
- 海洋环境中存在Cryptosporidium,Giardia和Blastocystis,对人类构成感染风险.
- 准确的风险评估需要确定寄生虫物种/亚型和生存能力.
- 需要使用下一代测序 (NGS) 等方法加强环境监测,以减轻健康风险.
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