以色列艾滋病毒患者的死亡率:20年后的追溯队列
Daniel Elbirt1,2, Mahmood Amer1,2, Shira Rosenberg-Bezalel1,2
1Department of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and AIDS, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Microorganisms
|January 28, 2026
概括
2001年至2021年间,艾滋病毒感染者的死亡率显著下降,与艾滋病相关的死亡人数减少. 心血管疾病现在是导致死亡的主要原因,需要早期查和坚持干预.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 现代抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的出现改变了艾滋病毒管理,将重点转向长期伴随性疾病.
- 了解艾滋病毒感染者的当代死亡率模式对于优化临床护理和公共卫生策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在ART时代 (2001-2021) 中调查以色列PWH的死亡率,原因和相关风险因素.
- 分析死亡原因的趋势,特别是从定义艾滋病的疾病转向与艾滋病无关的疾病,如心血管疾病.
主要方法:
- 从2001年到2021年,在以色列主要的艾滋病毒中心治疗的1547名患者的回顾性队列研究.
- 统计分析包括沙皮罗-威尔克,费舍尔的确切,学生的t-测试,和千平方被用来进行比较分析.
- 收集和分析了患者人口统计,艾滋病毒感染,CD4计数,病毒载量和死亡原因的数据.
主要成果:
- 整体死亡率从2.12% (2005-2008) 降至0.71% (2018-2021),尽管患者平均年龄增加.
- 艾滋病确定的疾病作为死亡原因减少了 (2001-2002年为75%,2019-2021年为25%),而心血管疾病死亡人数增加了 (8.3%至33.3%).
- 死亡风险因素包括低CD4细胞计数,诊断时高病毒载量,男性性别,非MSM感染艾滋病毒,治疗不良.
结论:
- 虽然总体死亡率有所下降,但死亡原因的变化格局,特别是心血管疾病的增加,需要注意.
- 对于PWH中心血管并发症的早期查有着至关重要的需要.
- 针对性坚持干预对于非MSM人群和CD4计数较低的个体至关重要,以改善长期结果.
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