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系统性审查:探索糖尿病的物种间变异性,用于翻译医学
Luminița Diana Hrițcu1, Vasile Boghian1, Geta Pavel1
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ion Ionescu de la Brad Iasi University of Life Science, 700489 Iasi, Romania.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
糖尿病 (DM) 的动物模型有很大的差异. 这篇评论强调,患有自发糖尿病的狗与人类1型糖尿病相似,猫与人类2型糖尿病相似,非人类灵长类动物为高级研究提供了高度的生理相似性.
科学领域:
- 比较医学是一种比较医学.
- 翻译研究是翻译研究.
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 糖尿病 (DM) 的跨物种变异性对翻译医学提出了挑战,因为新陈代谢,胰腺结构和治疗反应的差异.
- 选择合适的动物模型对于准确的临床前研究和有效转化到人类疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合各种动物模型中DM物种间变异性的证据.
- 确定关键糖尿病参数中的特定物种模式及其与人类疾病的相关性.
- 引导选择最佳的动物模型用于糖尿病研究.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA 2020指南进行系统审查.
- 来自86项研究 (2001-2025) 的比较数据分析,涉及动物,狗,猫,猪,非人类灵长类动物和人类.
- 评估物种特异性胰岛素分泌,胰岛素耐药性,β细胞功能,微生物群相互作用和并发症易感性.
主要成果:
- 狗的自发糖尿病非常接近人类1型糖尿病 (T1DM) 的模型.
- 猫类肥胖相关糖尿病与人类2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 有共同的特征.
- 动物模型在长期结果预测方面存在局限性,而非人类灵长类动物与人类有很高的生理相似性.
结论:
- 狗和猫的自发糖尿病模型为人类T1DM和T2DM提供了宝贵的见解.
- 非人类灵长类动物是高度相关的高级翻译研究由于生理上的相似之处.
- 建议采用标准化协议和多omics集成,以提高糖尿病研究中动物模型的翻译有效性.
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