药用植物和植物化学品在心脏保护-机械路径和转化路线图中的药用植物和植物化学品
Diana Maria Morariu-Briciu1,2, Alex-Robert Jîjie3,4, Sorin Lucian Bolintineanu1
1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
心脏保护性植物对残留心血管风险有前途,准氧化应激和炎症. 然而,在标准化,生物可用性和广泛使用的临床验证方面仍然存在挑战.
科学领域:
- 心血管药理学心血管药理学
- 植物化学 植物化学
- 翻译医学是一种翻译医学.
背景情况:
- 尽管有指导方针导向的疗法,仍然存在残留心血管风险,这是由氧化应激,炎症和内皮功能障碍驱动的.
- 目前的药物不能充分解决这些因素,因此需要新的治疗方法.
- 植物性心脏保护剂具有潜力,但在提取物可变性,低生物可用性和安全性方面面临挑战.
研究的目的:
- 综合有关心脏保护植物药物的证据,重点关注机制和转化潜力.
- 识别关键活性化合物及其生物标.
- 评估现有的临床证据,并强调未来的研究优先事项.
主要方法:
- 对精选植物 (Crataegus monogyna,Allium sativum,Olea europaea,Ginkgo biloba,Leonurus cardiaca,Melissa officinalis) 的实验和临床研究进行系统审查和综合.
- 对植物化学成分及其相关心脏保护机制的分析.
- 在体外,体内和人体研究数据的评估.
主要成果:
- 聚醇和有机硫化合物是关键的心脏保护剂,通过氧化还原适应性,线粒体,内皮和炎症途径起作用.
- 实验模型显示,缺血-再输液损伤,氧化损伤和亡的减少.
- 临床数据有限,主要是短期的代用结果,缺乏硬心血管终点.
结论:
- 像棘,大和橄叶这样的植物产品通过多种机制展示了潜在的心脏保护作用.
- 标准化配方,以药理动力学/药理动力学为指导的剂量以及强大的临床试验对于翻译至关重要.
- 进一步的研究必须涉及安全性,草药相互作用,以及对硬心血管结果的疗效.
相关概念视频
01:27C4 Pathway and CAM
49.1K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
49.1K
01:31Translation
156.2K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
156.2K
01:31Translation
17.8K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
17.8K
02:33Initiation of Translation
38.9K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
38.9K
01:44Termination of Translation
27.7K
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
27.7K
02:07Improving Translational Accuracy
14.9K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
14.9K