糖尿病鼻子:关于糖尿病的鼻科参与 (1973-2025) 的叙述性审查
Giulio Cesare Passali1, Mariaconsiglia Santantonio1, Desiderio Passali2
1Complex Operational Unit of Ear, Nose and Throat Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS-Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Journal of clinical medicine
|January 28, 2026
概括
糖尿病会影响上呼吸道的健康,增加慢性鼻炎和嗅觉功能障碍的风险. 管理需要了解这些免疫代谢和血管链接.
科学领域:
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 糖尿病 (DM) 越来越多地被认为通过血管,炎症和神经感官路径影响上呼吸道功能.
- 鼻腔粘膜是糖尿病微血管病变和免疫代谢失调的潜在早期部位.
- 了解DM和鼻疾病之间的联系对于患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于糖尿病中鼻腔表现的证据.
- 专注于慢性鼻炎,嗅觉功能障碍和其他鼻疾病.
- 为了确定连接糖尿病和鼻腔疾病的病理生理学和临床模式.
主要方法:
- 对现有文献进行系统审查.
- 对研究糖尿病和鼻腔疾病的研究进行分析.
- 综合关于免疫代谢,血管和神经感官机制的证据.
主要成果:
- 糖尿病,特别是2型糖尿病,与患有鼻多样体 (CRSwNP) 慢性鼻炎的易感性增加相关,并改变鼻微生物组.
- 糖尿病患者由于炎症,血管问题和胰岛素抵抗而经历更频繁和严重的嗅觉功能障碍.
- 其他表现包括表,粘膜清除受损和慢性咳;过敏性鼻炎可能相反相关,特别是在使用DPP-4抑制剂时.
结论:
- 糖尿病通过免疫代谢,血管和上皮途径影响鼻腔健康,影响疾病易感性和神经传感功能.
- 需要进一步的研究来区分类型特定的机制,并确定个性化管理的生物标志物.
- 基于精度的方法对于评估和管理糖尿病患者的鼻科问题至关重要.
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