美国食品传播病原体 (2015-2025) 多种抗菌素耐药性模式的分析,使用NCBI病原体隔离浏览器数据
Daniel Lao1, Leo Pan-Wang1, Kenneth Tianyi Yu1
1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌等食物传播病原体的抗微生物耐药性是由协调的基因-药物-病原体相互作用驱动的. 环素是多药耐药性的关键驱动因素,需要综合监测和有针对性的管理策略.
科学领域:
- 食品安全与公共卫生微生物学
- 传染病的基因组学和分子流行病学.
- 抗微生物耐药性的监测和控制
背景情况:
- 食品传播病原体的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是全球卫生和食品安全面临的重大挑战.
- 了解耐药性模式和驱动因素对于有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 以前的研究已经强调了抗菌素耐药性的日益增长的威胁,但需要对主要的食源性病原体进行全面分析.
研究的目的:
- 在美国主要的食源性病原体 (沙门氏菌,坎皮洛巴克特,大肠杆菌/西格拉菌) 中表征抗菌素耐药性模式.
- 确定与共抗性相关的主要抗菌剂和遗传决定因素.
- 阐明这些病原体中多药耐药性的进化途径.
主要方法:
- 对9393个美国病原体分离物 (2015-2025) 的多变量统计分析 (PCA引导的聚类,频率分析).
- 对一至六种抗微生物药物 (AMR-1至AMR-6) 的耐药性分析.
- 确定关键的抗微生物药物 (四环素,菌素,硫醇,安西林,纳利迪克酸,西普罗夫洛克萨) 和耐药基因 (排泄,四环素,氨基糖化物,硫胺,昆,β-乳糖酶基因).
主要成果:
- 环素,链杆菌素,硫松,安西林,纳利迪克酸和西普罗夫洛克萨被确定为共抗的主要轴.
- 环素成为多药耐药性的基本驱动因素.
- 坎比洛巴克特 (Campylobacter jejuni) 主要表现出单一药物耐药性,而沙门氏菌则主导了更高阶AMR类别.
- 耐药性进化涉及到诸如排泄,四环素耐药基因和β-乳酸酶等决定因素的模块积累.
结论:
- 美国食源性病原体的多药耐药性通过协调的基因-药物-病原体相互作用而发展.
- 特定物种的生态和基因组因素影响了耐药性概况.
- 综合监测和有针对性的管理策略,专注于主要的抗微生物药物和高风险病原体是必不可少的.
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