使用病例报告和住院数据的图拉里米亚的描述时间流行病学在美国,2000-2022年
Chad L Cross1,2,3, Bryson Carrier3,4,5, Louisa A Messenger2,3,6
1School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
美国的结核病病例正在增加,白人男性和美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民群体的风险最高. 住院数据提供了对这种动物性传染病高风险群体的见解.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
背景情况:
- 血病是一种动物传播疾病,在美国具有显著的地理差异.
- 尽管经常报告,但由于每年病例数较少,图拉血病被认为是罕见的.
- 最近的趋势表明,美国的血病病例呈上升趋势.
研究的目的:
- 从2000年到2022年,分析和对美国病流行病学的时间趋势进行上下文化.
- 为了比较国家病例数据与医院住院记录,以进行流行病学监测.
- 为了确定与血病相关的人口和地理风险因素.
主要方法:
- 使用了23年的国家数据集:国家可通报疾病监测系统 (NNDSS) 和国家住院样本 (NIS).
- 进行了描述性的流行病学总结和跨性别,年龄,种族身份和地理位置的统计比较.
- 评估医院出院记录作为发病率的替代品的实用性.
主要成果:
- 这两组数据都显示出高年病例变异性,但证实了白人男性的风险增加.
- 美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民群体表现出异常高的图拉氏病率,特别是肺部感染.
- 医院出院记录为高风险群体提供了宝贵的见解,尽管作为发病率的替代品的准确性有限.
结论:
- 美国的病流行病学显示出显著的时间变化和明显的人口风险模式.
- 美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人口面临不成比例的高风险,特别是严重的肺结核病.
- 住院数据作为一种有价值的,尽管不准确的工具,用于识别高风险人群的tularemia监测.
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