对于患有多动症的青年运动员的营养:我们所知道的和实际应用
Tyler B Becker1,2, Ronald L Gibbs2
1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Nutrients
|January 28, 2026
概括
注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 影响了许多年轻运动员. 优化营养,专注于复杂碳水化合物和健康脂肪,可以提高运动表现和管理ADHD症状,同时建议限制糖和和脂肪.
科学领域:
- 运动营养 运动营养
- 儿科运动医学 儿科运动医学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 影响了超过10%的美国儿童和青少年,包括青年运动员的类似患病率.
- 虽然ADHD可能会带来运动优势,如快速和高焦点,但它会带来诸如注意力集中能力低下和受伤风险增加等挑战.
- 药物治疗的ADHD可以提高表现,但可能会抑制食欲,影响营养摄入量.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关ADHD儿童和青少年运动员营养策略的当前文献.
- 为此群体提供量身定制的实用运动营养指南.
- 探索营养,运动表现和ADHD症状管理之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 对ADHD,运动营养和儿科患者现有研究的文献综述.
- 分析证据,将饮食成分与ADHD症状表现和运动表现联系起来.
- 综合已建立的体育营养原则,应用于患有多动症的年轻运动员.
主要成果:
- 优化能量摄入量,强调复杂的碳水化合物,改善脂肪质量,并确保足够的微量营养素可以支持运动表现和ADHD症状管理.
- 过度摄入添加糖和和脂肪与较差的结果和加剧的ADHD症状有关.
- 虽然对患有ADHD的年轻运动员的营养干预缺乏直接研究,但既有原则提供了一个有希望的框架.
结论:
- 营养策略可以在支持年轻运动员体育表现和ADHD症状管理方面发挥重要作用.
- 建议采取平衡的饮食,重点是全食和适当的宏观营养素分配.
- 需要进一步的研究,以直接调查特定营养干预措施对这一群体的影响,以提高表现,降低受伤风险,促进长期健康.
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