结合水力抵抗训练的NMES对自由式运动中肌肉协调的影响
Yaohao Guo1, Tingyan Gao2, Jun Liu2
1School of Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
概括
神经肌肉电刺激 (NMES) 与水上训练相结合,可以提高游泳者的肌肉激活和协调. 这种方法通过优化肌肉参与和运动策略来提高自由式的性能.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 自由式的表现依赖于有效的肌肉激活和协调.
- 优化神经肌肉策略对于精英游泳者来说至关重要.
- 基于水的训练提供了独特的抵抗力,但可能会从增强的肌肉招募中受益.
研究的目的:
- 研究将神经肌肉电刺激 (NMES) 与水力抵抗训练相结合的影响.
- 分析自由式击期间对肌肉激活和协调的影响.
- 为了确定NMES是否提高NMES+水培训结果,而不是仅仅水培训.
主要方法:
- 30名国家级男子游泳运动员参加了为期12周的随机对照试验.
- 实验组在以水为基础的抵抗训练课程之前接受了NMES预处理.
- 水下表面电肌图 (sEMG) 和高速视频分析了肌肉激活和动力学,用于肌肉协同作用的非负矩阵因子化 (NMF).
主要成果:
- 在关键肌肉中,NMES组表现出显著更高的集成肌电图 (iEMG) 和根平均平方 (RMS) 值.
- 在核心推进协同作用中,观察到巨大的中枢肌肉和双腿肌肉权重的显著增加.
- 在NMES组中,姿势调整协同效应的激活时间显著减少.
结论:
- 将NMES与水力抵抗训练相结合,可以有效地增强自由式击期间的肌肉激活.
- 这种综合方法优化了神经肌肉协调策略,以提高运动特异性表现.
- NMES为竞技游泳者提供了传统的水上训练的新补充.
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