艾滋病毒和可卡因依赖的认知灵活性和抑制缺陷:来自Stroop和Trail制作测试的证据
Sarah E Nigro1, Minjie Wu2, Betty Jo Salmeron3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Viruses
|January 28, 2026
概括
艾滋病毒和可卡因依赖 (CD) 与明显的执行功能缺陷有关,影响抑制控制和语言处理. 这些发现凸显了针对受影响人口的有针对性的干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 神经心理学 神经心理学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 药物使用障碍 药物使用障碍
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒感染者,即使没有被诊断为HAND,也可能出现执行功能缺陷.
- 可卡因依赖 (CD) 也会影响认知能力,可能会与艾滋病毒相关的变化重叠.
- 了解这些不同且重叠的赤字对于有效干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查艾滋病毒感染者,可卡因依赖者和没有可卡因依赖者 (CD) 的执行功能表现.
- 在Stroop测试和Trail Making测试中比较四个组的认知表现:HIV+/CD+,HIV+/CD-,HIV-/CD+和HIV-/CD-.
- 识别与艾滋病毒和CD相关的特定执行功能困难,独立和组合.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及101名参与者的横截面研究,按艾滋病毒和CD状态分层.
- 使用2x2 MANCOVA控制年龄和前病情智力.
- 使用Stroop Color-Word Test (Stroop) 和Trail Making Test (TMT) 的绩效指标进行执行职能评估.
主要成果:
- 艾滋病毒与Stroop干扰试验 (p=0.012) 的表现较慢有显著的关联.
- 可卡因依赖 (CD) 与Stroop Word-Reading (p=0.028) 和干扰试验 (p=0.046) 中显著增加的错误有关.
- 没有发现HIV和CD状态在认知表现之间存在显著的相互作用.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒和疾病与明显的执行功能缺陷有关,特别是在抑制性控制方面.
- CD显示Stroop干扰性能趋势较慢,表明与HIV影响的潜在重叠.
- 澄清认知影响指导定制干预措施,以改善这些人群的功能结果.
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