在西班牙的中学进行社区干预,以改善HPV疫苗接种率:一种"知识药丸"的方法
Ernesto J González-Veiga1, Sergio González-Palanca2, Gerardo Palmeiro-Fernández3
1Primary Health Care Unit, EOXI Santiago de Compostela and Barbanza, Galician Health Service, 15706 A Coruña, Spain.
Vaccines
|January 28, 2026
概括
一次简短的教育干预显著改善了西班牙加利西亚青少年的人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 知识和接种疫苗的意图. 这种以学校为基础的"知识药丸"方法在增加HPV疫苗接种方面是有效的.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 西班牙加利西亚的人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种覆盖率不足于世卫组织2030年目标.
- 青少年的知识和态度对于接种疫苗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估基线HPV知识和对加利西亚青少年HPV疫苗接种的态度.
- 评估简短的教育干预 ("知识药丸") 对HPV知识和疫苗接种意图的影响.
主要方法:
- 在加利西亚16所中学对967名青少年 (12-16岁) 进行了准实验性的干预前后研究.
- 一个15分钟的教育课程 ("知识药丸") 被交付.
- 在干预之前和之后,使用标准化问卷测量了HPV知识和接种疫苗的意图.
主要成果:
- 对HPV知识的平均正确反应增加了30.1%.
- 接受HPV疫苗接种的意图显著上升:女孩从77.7%上升到94.4%,男孩从64.7%上升到85.8%.
- 干预后的预测因素包括女性性别,年轻年龄和先前的性教育;接种疫苗的整体预测准确性从75.6%提高到92.7%.
结论:
- 一个简短的,以学校为基础的教育干预 ("知识药丸") 显著改善了青少年的HPV知识和接种疫苗的接受度.
- 研究结果支持将基于证据的简短教育干预措施纳入学校,以提高HPV疫苗的覆盖率.
- 这一战略有助于朝着世界卫生组织HPV消除目标的进展.
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