2021年5月至2023年1月,mRNA COVID-19疫苗在患有COVID-19的成年人中对严重结果的有效性
Gabriella Ess1, Ashley M Lew1, Ashley Tippett1
1Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Vaccines
|January 28, 2026
概括
在Delta/Delta和Omicron变种前期间,COVID-19 mRNA疫苗证明了对严重结果的有效性,包括住院和重症监护室的入院,在Delta/Delta和Omicron变种前期间. 补充剂有助于恢复疫苗对与Omicron相关的严重疾病的有效性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 对于超出住院治疗的严重后果,COVID-19 mRNA疫苗的真实疫苗有效性 (VE) 需要进一步调查.
- 了解不同SARS-CoV-2变种和时间框架中的VE对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19 mRNA疫苗在住院成年人中对严重结果的实际有效性.
- 为了比较Delta/Delta和Omicron变异时代前的VE.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项检测负的病例控制研究,对因急性呼吸道疾病住院的成年人进行了研究.
- 疫苗接种状态通过国家注册证实,后勤回归调整为混因素.
- 分析包括参与者进行COVID-19测试或提供呼吸道扫描.
主要成果:
- 调整后的COVID-19 mRNA疫苗对一次性系列的有效性在Delta/Delta前时代 (85.5%) 和Omicron时代 (38.2%) 相比,在Delta/Delta前时代 (85.5%) 较高.
- 针对放射性肺炎和ICU入院的VE显示了类似的趋势,在Delta/Delta前期的更高有效性.
- 强剂量部分恢复了对Omicron相关住院和肺炎的VE.
结论:
- 在Delta/Delta和Omicron变种流通之前,COVID-19 mRNA疫苗对包括住院和ICU入院在内的严重结果提供了显著的保护.
- 疫苗的有效性随着时间的推移而减弱,并因变种而异,这突显了及时增强疫苗的重要性.
- 这些发现支持持续接种疫苗和强化推,以减轻严重的COVID-19疾病.
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