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2024-2025赛季季节季节性流感疫苗的实际有效性:根据病毒亚型,接种疫苗以来的时间和诊断方法进行子组分析
Yu Jung Choi1,2, Jungmin Lee2,3, Joon Young Song1,2
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
Vaccines
|January 28, 2026
概括
2024-2025年季节性流感疫苗在韩国成年人中对确诊的流感提供了适度的保护. 与老年人相比,50-64岁的人群的有效性更高,但并没有显著降低住院风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 尽管疫苗接种率很高,但流感在韩国构成了重大公共卫生挑战,特别是在老年人群中.
- 持续评估流感疫苗 (VE) 的有效性对于完善免疫策略和减轻疾病负担至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估季节性流感疫苗 (VE) 在韩国2024-2025季节对实验室确认的流感的有效性.
- 分析不同年龄组和流感亚型的VE及其对住院风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 从2024年11月到2025年4月,使用医院流感监测系统,采用了测试负的设计.
- 通过问卷和电子病历收集的数据包括人口统计和临床信息.
- 流感诊断使用快速抗原测试 (RATs) 和RT-qPCR,用于VE分析的多变量逻辑回归.
主要成果:
- 总体调整后的VE为20.4%,在50-64岁的成年人中 (46.8%) 与≥65岁 (18.8%) 相比,观察到更高的有效性.
- 对流感A的VE为19.9%,对A/H3N2的VE为45.7%.
- 接种疫苗并没有显著降低流感相关住院风险 (VE 17.3%),尽管在50-64岁年龄组中看到了益处.
结论:
- 2024-2025年季节性流感疫苗在预防韩国成年人中实验室确认的流感方面表现出中度的有效性.
- 疫苗的有效性因年龄组而异,在50-64岁的成年人中显示出更大的保护.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来了解对所有年龄人口统计数据中的住院等严重结果的影响.
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