在耐力和超耐力跑者中检查注意力缺陷/多动障碍
Volker Scheer1, David Valero1, Encarna Valero2
1Ultra Sports Science Foundation, Pierre-Benite, France.
Acta psychologica
|January 28, 2026
概括
查发现耐力跑者与一般人群相比,注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 特征的比率更高. 在这个运动群体中,年龄较小与ADHD特征的增加有关.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 是一种复杂的神经发育障碍,一般成人患病率为3.1%.
- 现有的关于运动员ADHD的数据有限 (7%-8%),没有针对耐力跑步者的具体信息.
- 这项研究解决了关于耐力和超耐力运动员ADHD患病率的知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 在耐力和超耐力跑者中选注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的特征.
- 在跑步者中对ADHD查时评估相关的风险因素和性别差异.
- 在这个特定的运动群体中提供ADHD新的查数据.
主要方法:
- 对耐力 (≥21.1公里至42.2公里) 和超耐力跑者 (≥42.2公里) 进行了一项横截面调查研究.
- 成人注意力缺陷/多动障碍自我报告量表 (ASRS-5) 用于查.
- 使用统计和机器学习技术来分析数据,包括风险因素和性别差异.
主要成果:
- 在601名参与者中,9.7%的查结果为ADHD特征呈阳性.
- 半马拉松运动员的查率最高 (14.8%),而马拉松运动员 (8.0%) 和超级马拉松运动员 (8.7%) 的查率较低.
- 年龄是唯一重要的相关因素,年轻的跑步者 (40岁以下) 的比率更高;没有发现性别或绩效水平的显著差异.
结论:
- 这项研究提出了耐力和超耐力运动员ADHD的基本查数据,揭示了精英运动员和普通人群中比以前报告的更高的比率.
- 对于确定ADHD诊断,建议进行临床评估,并增加意识,教育和支持服务.
- 体育组织,卫生专业人员和政策制定者应该实施系统的查和教育计划,以解决运动员的ADHD问题.
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