患有肺炎住院儿童抗生素治疗的差异
Jillian M Cotter1, Mathew Hall2, Adam L Hersh3
1Section of Hospital Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Journal of hospital medicine
|January 28, 2026
概括
来自少数种族/少数民族的儿童和那些生活在贫困地区的儿童面临更高的接受抗生素的几率,包括广泛的和静脉注射形式,用于肺炎. 这突显了住院儿科护理的显著差异.
科学领域:
- 儿科医院医学 儿科医院医学
- 卫生公平研究 卫生公平研究
- 抗生素管理的管理.
背景情况:
- 之前的研究发现了在门诊环境中儿科抗生素使用的差异.
- 有限的研究已经研究了住院儿科患者的抗生素使用差异.
研究的目的:
- 评估种族/种族和童年机会指数 (COI) 与被诊断患有肺炎的住院儿童使用抗生素之间的关联.
- 根据社会经济和人口因素,确定抗生素处方模式中的潜在不平等现象.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了来自43家医院的49,332名患有肺炎的儿童的数据.
- 用通用估计方程来评估种族/种族,COI五分位数和抗生素使用之间的关联,并调整混因素.
- 抗生素利用指标包括整体使用,频谱 (宽或窄) 和途径 (静脉或口服).
主要成果:
- 非西班牙裔白人儿童接受抗生素的频率低于亚洲裔和非西班牙裔黑人儿童.
- 与非西班牙裔白人儿童相比,西班牙裔儿童接受广泛抗生素的几率更高.
- 与COI五分位数最高的儿童相比,COI五分位数最低的儿童接受抗生素和广谱抗生素的几率增加.
结论:
- 来自某些少数种族/族群的儿童肺炎患者以及来自机会最低的社区的儿童肺炎患者获得抗生素的几率更高.
- 这些发现表明,在儿童肺炎的抗生素处方方面存在显著差异,特别是在范围和施用途径方面.
- 该研究强调需要有针对性的干预措施来解决住院儿科抗生素使用中的不平等问题.
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