感官系统的进化是线虫中掠食性养行为出现的基础
Marianne Roca1, Güniz Göze Eren1, Leonard Böger1,2
1Max Planck Research Group Genetics of Behavior, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior-caesar, Bonn 53175, Germany.
概括
线虫中的捕食行为是通过感官适应进化的. 机械传感基因Ppa-mec-6选择了猎物检测,与化学传感合作塑造复杂的行为.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 神经伦理学 神经伦理学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 了解动物行为的进化需要将遗传变化与神经功能和特定物种的行为联系起来.
- 螺旋虫表现出多样化的食策略,感官感知起着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究 Pristionchus pacificus 捕食性食行为的进化背后的感官适应.
- 确定使P. pacificus. 能够检测猎物的遗传和神经机制.
主要方法:
- 在P. pacificus.中27个机械传感基因的突变发生.
- 行为测试和自动跟踪来分析线虫的反应.
- 机器学习分析行为状态.
- 基因表达分析 (IL2神经元中的Ppa-mec-6) 和细胞特异性沉默.
主要成果:
- P. pacificus利用机械感知来避免威胁和检测猎物,与C. elegans不同.
- Ppa-mec-6突变体表现出受损的猎物检测能力,突出其在掠食行为中的作用.
- 机械感知和化学感知在猎物感知中协同作用.
- Ppa-mec-6在IL2神经元中表达,对于捕食者与猎物的相互作用至关重要.
结论:
- 捕食者的行为是通过现有的机械传感和化学传感系统的合作而演变的.
- Ppa-mec-6和IL2神经元是线虫捕食进化的关键组成部分.
- 感官系统的整合推动了复杂的行为特征的演变.
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