德国与旅行相关的人类型菌病 2011-2023年
M Messal1, T Störiko2, J Gerkrath3
1FG 16 Erreger von Pilz-und Parasiteninfektionen und Mykobakteriosen, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM
|January 28, 2026
概括
一种真菌感染 - - 皮性菌病 - - 在德国很少被诊断出,但发生在健康的旅行者身上. 侧向流量试验在非特有环境中检测抗体时具有很高的灵敏度.
科学领域:
- 医学真菌学 医学真菌学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 型菌是一种特定地区特有的真菌感染.
- 在德国等非流行地区的病例通常与旅行史有关.
- 了解这种环境中的流行病学和诊断是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 审查和描述2011-2023年期间在德国发生的型菌病例.
- 分析临床表现,诊断方法,抗真菌敏感性和分子流行病学.
- 评估在非流行性环境中的诊断测试性能.
主要方法:
- 已确认的型菌病例的回顾性审查.
- 培养和组织学用于诊断.
- 血清测试 (侧流检测,免疫扩散) 和体外抗真菌敏感性测试.
- 全基因组测序用于分子流行病学.
主要成果:
- 证实了15例菌菌病例,这些病例是由Coccidioides posadasii (10) 和C. immitis (2) 引起的.
- 临床表现包括肺,中枢神经系统和传播性疾病,通常在免疫能力强的个体中.
- 侧向流量测试显示了100%的灵敏度,超过了免疫扩散 (82%).
- 二乙和醇在体外显示出强烈的活性.
- 全基因组测序将大多数感染与亚利桑那州联系起来.
结论:
- 型菌病在德国很少被诊断出,但在旅行者中发生,即使没有并发病的人也会发生.
- 侧向流量检测是一种高度敏感和有用的查工具,用于在非流行地区诊断型菌.
- 分子数据表明,这些德国病例的感染源与亚利桑那州有很强的联系.
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