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在严重的病毒性疾病中,人类对I型干扰素的自身抗体
Kevin Groen1, Benjamin G Hale1
1Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Current opinion in virology
|January 28, 2026
概括
中和I型干扰素的自身抗体 (IFN-Is) 模仿免疫缺陷,增加对严重感染的易感性. 这些自身抗体持续数十年,影响了对像SARS-CoV-2这样的病毒的防御,并带来了活衰减疫苗的风险.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- I型干扰素 (IFN-Is) 是抗病毒防御的关键细胞因子.
- 中和IFN-Is的人类自身抗体 (autoAbs) 模仿免疫的先天性错误,导致严重的感染.
- IFN-I自动Ab发育与胸膜功能有关,并且随着年龄的增长而增加,影响全球超过1亿人.
研究的目的:
- 审查了解人类IFN-I自动Abs. 的发展和功能方面的最新进展.
- 探索IFN-I自动Abs与严重的病毒性疾病和疫苗不良事件的关联.
- 讨论IFN-I自动Ab相关疾病的潜在诊断和治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 关于IFN-I自动Abs. 的最新科学文献的审查.
- 对对IFNAR1/IFNAR2受体的AutoAb结合的机制性见解的分析.
- 讨论临床影响和诊断方法.
主要成果:
- 中和IFN-I自动Abs持续数十年,危及先天免疫力.
- 这些自动Abs与各种病毒感染 (例如,SARS-CoV-2,西尼罗河病毒,流感) 和罕见动物病的严重结果有关.
- 在活减弱病毒疫苗接种后,IFN-I自动Abs可能会导致严重的不良事件.
结论:
- IFN-I自动Abs是严重感染和疫苗并发症的重要危险因素.
- 风险人群中的IFN-I自动Ab诊断可以指导预防和治疗干预.
- 了解AutoAb受体相互作用为针对IFN-IAutoAb致病性的新型治疗策略开辟了道路.
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