在美国护士中轮流夜班工作,妊娠糖尿病和2型糖尿病风险
Isha Agarwal1,2, Cara Frankenfeld3, Eva Schernhammer4,5,6
1Center for Interdisciplinary and Population Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, Maine, USA isha.agarwal@mainehealth.org.
Occupational and environmental medicine
|January 28, 2026
概括
轮班夜班工作适度增加2型糖尿病的风险,特别是对于没有妊娠糖尿病史的女性. 对于那些先前患有妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 的人来说,这种风险没有增加.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 轮班夜班工作是一个日益增长的职业暴露.
- 2型糖尿病是一个主要的公共卫生问题.
- 孕期糖尿病 (GDM) 是已知的2型糖尿病的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查累积轮值夜班工作与发生型2型糖尿病之间的关联.
- 为了检查妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 的病史是否会改变这种关联.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自护士健康研究II (1989-2019) 的50,122名参与者.
- 使用多变量调整的考克斯比例危险模型.
- 评估累计多年的轮夜班工作和发生的2型糖尿病,按GDM史分层.
主要成果:
- 随着夜班轮流工作年数的增加,观察到2型糖尿病风险的逐渐增加 (p趋势<0.001).
- 这种关联在没有GDM病史的护士中是显著的.
- 在有史以来患有GDM的女性中,轮流夜班工作和2型糖尿病风险之间没有发现显著的关联 (p-相互作用=0.02).
- 在所有轮班工作类别中,GDM病史强烈预测了2型糖尿病风险.
结论:
- 累积轮班夜班工作与2型糖尿病风险的整体适度增加有关.
- 增加的风险主要在没有经历过GDM的护士中观察到.
- 轮流夜班工作似乎并没有进一步提高在有GDM病史的女性中,已经很高的2型糖尿病风险.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
4.9K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.9K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
5.3K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
5.3K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
3.5K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.5K
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
1.1K
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
1.1K
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
498
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
498
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
2.3K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.3K


