关于在近垂直超厚煤层中发生动态灾害的机制和预防技术的研究
Ying Zhang1,2, Qiang Li3, Lianghui Li1,4
1School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Scientific reports
|January 28, 2026
概括
开采近垂直的超厚煤层会导致复杂的岩石质量运动和动态灾害. 这项研究揭示了岩柱变形和故障机制,提出了减压技术,以减轻岩石爆裂并确保安全的煤炭开采.
科学领域:
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 地质技术工程 地质技术工程
- 岩石力学 岩石力学 岩石力学
背景情况:
- 开采近垂直的超厚煤层,由于复杂的岩石质量运动和动态灾害而带来挑战.
- 武东煤矿的+425级B3+6工作面是调查这些现象的案例研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查近垂直超厚煤层采矿中动态灾害的机制.
- 建立岩石柱变形和故障的机械模型.
- 提出和验证一种减压和防止岩石破裂的技术.
主要方法:
- 理论分析.理论分析.
- 在现场进行调查.
- 物理和数值模拟.物理和数值模拟.
- 岩石柱变形和故障的机械建模.
主要成果:
- 岩柱变形和探旋转是压力能量积累的关键.
- 岩柱断裂和屋顶/地板不稳定性是主要的动态冲击源.
- 岩柱断裂深度达到350米;立即的屋顶断裂步骤距离超过43米.
- 深浅孔爆炸有效降低了电磁强度,微地震事件和能量.
结论:
- 这项研究阐明了开采近垂直超厚煤层引发灾难的机制.
- 一种使用深浅孔喷射的新型减压和岩石爆破预防技术得到了验证.
- 这项技术为安全的煤层采矿提供了有效的方法.
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