相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

人类和细菌的遗传变异影响口腔微生物组和健康

Nolan Kamitaki^1,2,3,4,5,6, Robert E Handsaker^7,8,9, Margaux L A Hujoel^{10,11,7,12,13}

¹Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. nolan_kamitaki@hms.harvard.edu.

|January 28, 2026

概括

人类遗传学显著影响口腔微生物群,有11个遗传位置与细菌组成有关. 特定的变种,如FUT2,影响许多物种,可能导致牙和假牙使用.

科学领域:

基因组学就是基因组学.
微生物组研究微生物组研究
人类遗传学人类遗传学

背景情况:

人类遗传变异影响口腔生物学和微生物组合.
影响口腔微生物组及其失生症的特定遗传因素在很大程度上仍未被描述.

研究的目的:

识别与口腔微生物组合相关的人类遗传变异.
为了研究宿主遗传和口服细菌基因剂量之间的关系.
探索唾液氨酶,口腔微生物组和口腔健康结果之间的联系.

主要方法:

对全基因组测序的重新分析,从12,519个个体的唾液衍生DNA中读取.
全基因组关联研究以确定与口腔微生物组组成相关的宿主遗传位置.
细菌基因组中的基因剂量的分析和与宿主遗传变异的关联.
与临床数据的关联分析,包括假牙使用和身体质量指数.

主要成果:

11个人类遗传基因位点 (10个新型) 与口腔微生物组组成有关.
功能丧失的FUT2 W154X变种显示出最强的关联,影响了58种细菌物种.
主体遗传变异也与68个细菌基因组区域的基因剂量变异有关.
AMY1拷贝数的变化与口腔微生物组合和假牙使用相关,但BMI没有.
FUT2和PITX1位点与微生物组合和假牙风险增加有关.

结论:

人类遗传学在塑造口腔微生物群中发挥着重要作用.
特定的遗传变异,包括与碳水化合物代谢 (FUT2) 和唾液氨酶 (AMY1) 相关的变异,是口腔微生物群落的关键决定因素.
这些受遗传学影响的宿主微生物相互作用有助于口腔健康状况,如牙和需要假牙.

更多相关视频

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device

Co-culture of Living Microbiome with Microengineered Human Intestinal Villi in a Gut-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device

Published on: August 30, 2016

相关概念视频

Genetic Variation

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...

Human Genetics

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...

What is Variation?

What is Variation?

Apart from the measures of central tendency, distribution, outliers, and the changing characteristics of data with time, an important characteristic of any data set is its variation or spread. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in others, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean.
The range, standard deviation, standard error, and variance are the different measures of variation.
Range: The range is the difference between its maximum and...

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

What is Population Genetics?

What is Population Genetics?

A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.

Variation

Variation

An important characteristic of any set of data is the variation in the data. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in other data sets, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean. The most common measure of variation, or spread, is the standard deviation, which is the square root of variance.
When independent and dependent variables are plotted on a scatter plot, the slope of a line is a value that describes the rate of change between the two...