区域和时间因素在多大程度上解释了MSW产生的差异? 一个葡萄牙案例研究
Eva Costa1, Kazuyuki Oshita1, Masaki Takaoka1
1Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
概括
经济因素在很大程度上推动了葡萄牙的城市固体废物 (MSW) 生产,旅游业和COVID-19大流行也发挥了作用. 目前的政策不足,需要为更好的废物管理和循环经济制定定制的区域战略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 废物管理研究 废物管理研究
- 区域经济学 区域经济学
背景情况:
- 城市固体废物 (MSW) 管理对于可持续发展至关重要,但葡萄牙仍然严重依赖垃圾填埋.
- 越来越多的废物和环境压力需要紧急,有效的废物减少和回收战略.
- 了解废物产生驱动因素是为政策提供信息和加速向循环经济过渡的关键.
研究的目的:
- 从1995年到2022年,分析葡萄牙23个地区MSW产生的驱动因素.
- 评估经济,社会人口和政策因素对废物产生的影响.
- 为了解释COVID-19大流行对MSW生成模式的影响.
主要方法:
- 对葡萄牙23个地区的MSW生产数据进行计量经济学分析.
- 包括经济,社会人口统计 (包括人口年龄) 和政策变量.
- 统计建模以评估已识别的驱动因素的意义和COVID-19流行病的影响.
主要成果:
- 经济驱动因素对MSW产生的影响很大 (p < 0.001),而人口因素的影响有限,除了人口年龄.
- 发现旅游强度和COVID-19流行病增加了区域MSW产量 (p < 0.05).
- 现有的政策工具不足以显著改变MSW产生的趋势.
结论:
- 废弃物产生主要取决于区域特点和时间条件,这凸显了需要综合,针对区域的废弃物管理战略的需要.
- 经济因素和旅游业是关键驱动因素,需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 需要更强有力的政策来有效地管理MSW,并在葡萄牙向循环经济迈进.
相关概念视频
What is Variation?
18.4K
Apart from the measures of central tendency, distribution, outliers, and the changing characteristics of data with time, an important characteristic of any data set is its variation or spread. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in others, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean.
The range, standard deviation, standard error, and variance are the different measures of variation.
Range: The range is the difference between its maximum and...
The range, standard deviation, standard error, and variance are the different measures of variation.
Range: The range is the difference between its maximum and...
18.4K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
6.8K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.8K
Variation
8.0K
An important characteristic of any set of data is the variation in the data. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in other data sets, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean. The most common measure of variation, or spread, is the standard deviation, which is the square root of variance.
When independent and dependent variables are plotted on a scatter plot, the slope of a line is a value that describes the rate of change between the two...
When independent and dependent variables are plotted on a scatter plot, the slope of a line is a value that describes the rate of change between the two...
8.0K
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region
18.8K
The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences. The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
18.8K
Variation of Atmospheric Pressure
4.1K
Change in atmospheric pressure with height is particularly interesting. The decrease in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude is due to the decreasing gravitational force per unit area as we move away from the surface of the earth.
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
4.1K
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs
18.7K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
18.7K


