深度学习用于对甲状腺结节冷部分的多任务预测
Chunyang Wang1, Juan Hu2, Xiang Li3
1School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Frontiers in oncology
|January 29, 2026
概括
深度学习模型准确地分类甲状腺结节,并从冷部分预测BRAF突变. 弱监督的方法显示出希望,减少了病理学家对甲状腺癌诊断的依赖.
科学领域:
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 术内冷部位对于甲状腺结节的诊断至关重要,但面临诸如误诊和病理学家短缺等挑战.
- 深度学习和放射学显示出改善甲状腺结节诊断的潜力.
- 深度学习在手术内甲状腺结节分析中的整合尚未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 开发深度学习模型,用于甲状腺结节的手术内病理诊断.
- 将甲状腺结节分类为良性或恶性.
- 预测BRAF V600E基因突变和淋巴结转移.
主要方法:
- 使用深度学习分析了436个甲状腺结部分的全幻灯片图像 (WSI).
- 采用图像预处理,特征提取和分类器培训.
- 使用了补丁概率直方图 (PLH) 和词包 (BoW) 来进行补丁到WSI的特征聚合.
主要成果:
- InceptionV3在良性/恶性分类中实现了0.998的AUC,超过了监督方法和监督策略较弱的监督方法.
- ResNet50预测了BRAF V600E突变,其WSI级准确率为94.4%.
- 一个基于ViT的模型在淋巴结转移预测方面实现了76%的准确性.
结论:
- 深度学习模型有效地帮助分类甲状腺结部分,并预测BRAF突变和淋巴结转移.
- 弱监督的策略对于甲状腺病变的冷部分是有效的,这可能会减少对广泛病理学家注释的需要.
- 这些模型提供了一种有前途的方法来增强甲状腺结节的手术内诊断.
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