老年人是否使用ChatGPT获得医疗建议? 来自跨部门调查研究的结果
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|January 29, 2026
概括
许多老年人使用像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型 (LLM) 来获得医疗建议,即使他们的健康素养不足. 对于这一日益增长的趋势,需要更安全,更专业的医学LLM.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 数字健康数字健康
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 一般用途的大型语言模型 (LLM) 越来越多地用于医疗咨询.
- 律师往往缺乏医疗培训,并可能提供不安全或不正确的信息.
- 老年人与LLMs寻求健康信息的行为尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 用LLMs来描述老年人寻求健康信息的行为.
- 为了比较LLMs与PubMed等传统来源在老年人中获得医疗信息的使用情况.
- 为了确定与LLM使用医疗咨询在这个人口中相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面调查对574名50岁及以上的美国成年人进行了调查.
- 参与者报告了在线健康信息来源,ChatGPT和PubMed的使用情况,人口统计和健康素养水平.
- 分析了数据,以比较使用模式,并确定LLM使用的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 92%的参与者在网上搜索健康信息.
- 所有参与者都听说过ChatGPT; 63%的人使用它来获取医疗信息,而使用PubMed的比例为39%.
- 不足够的健康素养与使用ChatGPT获得医疗建议的几率更高有关 (AOR 2.36).
结论:
- 超过一半的老年人正在使用LLMs寻求医疗建议,这突出了寻求健康信息的重大转变.
- 这些发现强调了使用通用LLM用于医疗指导的风险,特别是对于那些健康素养较低的人来说.
- 发展和部署更安全,专门训练的医疗LLM是至关重要的,以确保老年人获得准确可靠的健康信息.
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