来自一种新型CTLA-4哈普洛缺陷变异的免疫调节障碍
Nina N Brodsky1, Alan Kennedy2, Daniel Glaser1
1Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
概括
细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4 (CTLA-4) 的新型变异损害了其稳定性和功能,导致多代家庭的免疫失调和自身免疫. 这一发现扩大了对CTLA-4哈普洛缺陷 (CHAI) 的理解.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4 (CTLA-4) 是一个关键的免疫检查点,调节T细胞激活.
- 在CTLA4中功能丧失的变体会导致CTLA-4与自身免疫透 (CHAI) 的哈普洛缺陷,导致免疫失调和自身免疫.
研究的目的:
- 在一个多代家族中研究一种新型异质性CTLA4变体 (c.654T>A,p.Tyr218*),该变体患有复发性感染和自身免疫表现.
- 阐明这种变异对CTLA-4蛋白质稳定性,表达和功能的功能影响.
主要方法:
- 一个多代家庭的遗传分析.
- 在患者的T细胞中评估CTLA-4表达.
- 使用表达CTLA-4 Y218*变异的Jurkat细胞进行的功能研究,包括降解试验和CD80转内细胞化测量.
主要成果:
- 在受影响的个体中,发现了一种新型异质性CTLA4变体,p.Tyr218*,切断细胞质尾巴.
- 患者的T细胞表现出CTLA-4表达的减少,表明蛋白质稳定性受损.
- 表达CTLA-4 Y218*的jurkat细胞显示CD80.0的降解和转内细胞化减少.
结论:
- CTLA-4 p.Tyr218* 变种破坏了蛋白质稳定性和配体吸收,导致 CHAI 和免疫失调.
- 这项研究扩大了已知的CTLA4变体的范围,并强调了C端细胞质域对CTLA-4功能的重要性.
相关概念视频
Histone Variants at the Centromere
5.0K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
5.0K
What is the Immune System?
127.7K
Overview
127.7K
Humoral Immune Responses
83.8K
Overview
83.8K
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
662
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
662
Amides to Amines: LiAlH4 Reduction
6.3K
Amide reduction with strong reducing agents like lithium aluminum hydride proceeds through a nucleophilic acyl substitution to form amines. Primary, secondary, and tertiary amides yield primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, respectively.
Amide reduction requires two equivalents of the reducing agent, acting as a source of hydride ions. As shown in the figure, the reaction is initiated with a nucleophilic attack by the hydride ion at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate.
Amide reduction requires two equivalents of the reducing agent, acting as a source of hydride ions. As shown in the figure, the reaction is initiated with a nucleophilic attack by the hydride ion at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate.
6.3K
Piaget's Stage 4 of Cognitive Development
624
The formal operational stage, as described in Piaget's cognitive development theory, begins around age 11 and extends into adulthood. It marks the emergence of advanced cognitive abilities that differentiate adolescent and adult thinking from those of younger children. This stage is characterized by abstract reasoning, hypothetical-deductive reasoning, and a more complex understanding of self and others.
Abstract Reasoning and Hypothetical-Deductive Thinking
Unlike the concrete operational...
Abstract Reasoning and Hypothetical-Deductive Thinking
Unlike the concrete operational...
624


