种族和移民在围产期不平等中的作用:一个回顾性队列研究
Hannah Rayment-Jones1, Sam Burton1,2, Laura Bridle3
1Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK.
BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
|January 29, 2026
概括
少数民族和出生在国外的妇女经历了不良周产期结果的风险增加,包括紧急剖腹产和早产的更高率. 虽然风险较高,但整体临床影响仍然很小.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 围产期流行病学 围产期流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 人种和移民因素越来越被认为是围产期健康结果的重要决定因素.
- 了解这些差异对于开发有针对性的干预措施和改善母婴护理至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,基于种族和移民状况的结果可能存在差异,需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 在伦敦南部分娩的妇女中调查一系列围产期结果的种族差异.
- 评估移民因素,包括原籍国和口译需求对这些结果的影响.
- 在检查这些关联时,调整社会经济贫困和医疗风险因素.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项回顾性队列研究,使用来自伦敦南部两个产科服务的链接电子健康记录.
- 这项研究包括44,634名从2018年到2023年怀孕24至43周之间分娩单独婴儿的妇女.
- 用通用线性混合模型 (GLMMs) 来估计各种围产期结果的调整风险比率 (aRR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 与白人女性相比,亚裔和黑人女性患紧急剖腹产的风险更高.
- 黑人妇女产生的婴儿显着增加了早产,低出生体重,低Apgar分数和死产/新生儿死亡的风险.
- 出生在国外的妇女出生时体重较低的风险较低,但阿帕格得分较低和死产/新生儿死亡的风险更高.
结论:
- 少数民族和出生在国外的妇女,特别是来自低收入和中等收入国家的妇女或需要口译员的妇女,面临几个不良周产期结果的风险增加.
- 虽然从统计学上显著,但大多数高风险的效应大小是适度的,这表明需要细致的解释.
- 这些发现强调了在围产期护理中考虑种族和移民地位的重要性,以解决健康不平等问题.
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