在学龄前儿童中诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的诊断测试
Amanda Brignell1,2,3, Kris Chan1, Tayla Chellew1
1Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|January 29, 2026
概括
本综述评估了在学龄前儿童中使用 CARS,GARS,ADOS,ADI-R,DISCO 和 3di 等自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 工具的诊断准确性. 它将它们的有效性与专家临床判断进行比较,并探索组合工具的准确性.
科学领域:
- 儿童神经发育障碍 儿童神经发育障碍
- 诊断测试准确性研究研究 诊断测试准确性
- 临床心理学和精神病学 临床心理学和精神病学
背景情况:
- 对学龄前儿童的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的准确诊断对于及时干预至关重要.
- 存在多种诊断工具,但它们在这个年龄段的比较准确性需要系统的评估.
- 了解儿童自闭症评分表 (CARS),吉利安自闭症评分表 (GARS),自闭症诊断观察表 (ADOS),自闭症诊断面试修订 (ADI-R),社会和沟通障碍诊断面试 (DISCO) 和DSM-5 (3di) 的自闭症诊断面试等工具的诊断性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估常用的ASD诊断工具在学龄前儿童的诊断准确性,与多学科团队临床判断相比.
- 总结每个单独的ASD诊断工具的灵敏度,特异性和其他准确度指标.
- 将工具组合的诊断准确度与单个工具和临床判断进行比较.
主要方法:
- 诊断准确性研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 包括评估在学龄前儿童中的CARS,GARS,ADOS,ADI-R,DISCO和3di的研究.
- 对每个工具及其组合的灵敏度,特异性,概率比率和诊断几率比率的分析.
主要成果:
- 审查将为每个工具提供总结的诊断准确性数据,包括灵敏度和特异性.
- 将描述不同工具和工具组合之间的比较准确性.
- 诊断准确性将在各个子组中探索,包括智力障碍,语言水平和年龄.
结论:
- 这一审查将提供关于广泛使用的ASD工具在学龄前儿童的诊断准确性的证据.
- 结果将为选择最准确的诊断仪器提供信息,用于早期识别ASD.
- 这项研究旨在指导临床实践,并改善疑似ASD的幼儿的诊断决策.
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