在垃圾填埋场焚烧旧垃圾? 对气候变化的动态影响进行评估
Yan Zhao1, Shengwei Wang1, Rui Han1
1School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
Environmental science & technology
|January 29, 2026
概括
在中国,挖掘和焚烧垃圾填埋场的废物对于减缓气候变化只有在废物有2-3年的情况下才有利. 较旧的废物应该留在垃圾填埋场,以尽量减少辐射强迫影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候变化缓解缓解 气候变化缓解
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 中国拥有大量的过剩焚烧能力,促使提出挖掘填埋垃圾以回收能源的建议.
- 评估这一战略对气候的影响对于有效的环境政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过动态生命周期评估 (LCA) 评估挖掘和焚烧填埋废物的气候变化影响.
- 将动态LCA方法与时间依赖的环境评估的传统LCA方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用动态生命周期评估 (LCA),在100年期间每年建模排放和能源回收.
- 气候变化用每年辐射强迫 (W/m2) 来量化,不同于使用二氧化碳等效的传统方法.
- 分析了各种废物成分和填埋场的年龄.
主要成果:
- 动态LCA表明,焚烧垃圾填埋场的废物只有在废物有2-3年的时间内,在10-50年的时间范围内,才有辐射强迫减少的好处.
- 从气候变化角度来看,不应该挖掘超过4年的废物.
- 与动态LCA相比,传统的LCA方法在捕捉时间发射动态方面存在局限性.
结论:
- 动态LCA方法对于评估具有时间分布式排放和能量回收的技术是优越的,特别是在气候目标方面.
- 无差别地使用传统的LCA可能会阻碍实现短期气候变化减缓目标的努力.
- 关于废物管理和焚烧能力的政策决策应考虑填埋废物的年龄,并采用动态评估方法.
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