[免疫学:2025年有什么新鲜事]
Maxime Ringwald1, Alice Horisberger1, Camillo Ribi1
1Service d'immunologie et allergie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne.
Revue medicale suisse
|January 29, 2026
概括
2025年欧洲风湿病学协会联盟更新提供了关于在怀孕和母乳养期间管理自身免疫疾病的指导. 它强调了狼性炎和全身性红斑狼 (SLE) 的新疗法,以及SLE患者的心血管风险评估.
科学领域:
- 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
背景情况:
- 自免疫性疾病及其治疗在怀孕和母乳养期间带来了独特的挑战.
- 现有的管理策略需要更新,以反映最近的治疗进展和风险评估.
研究的目的:
- 介绍2025年更新的欧洲风湿病学协会联盟关于管理孕妇和哺乳期患者自身免疫疾病的建议.
- 概述在整个产周期内使用免疫抑制剂的指导方针.
- 审查最近的治疗进展和系统性自身免疫性疾病中的心血管风险评估.
主要方法:
- 审查2025年欧洲风湿病学协会联盟的建议.
- 对新型免疫抑制剂和向治疗的最近临床试验数据的分析.
- 在系统性红斑狼 (SLE) 背景下评估心血管风险得分.
主要成果:
- 2025年更新提供了五个总体原则和关于免疫抑制剂使用的详细指导.
- 奥比努图祖马布在活跃狼性炎中显示出有效性;阿尼弗罗卢马布在SLE中显示出长期益处.
- 新的药物,如telitacicept和ianalumab显示出希望,与T细胞参与者也显示出对耐火性疾病的潜力.
- 对SLE患者,由于心血管事件负担较高,评估了心血管风险得分 (SCORE2,QRISK3,PREVENT).
结论:
- 更新后的建议为怀孕和母乳养期间管理自身免疫性疾病提供了全面的指导.
- 像奥比努图祖马布,阿尼弗罗卢马布,特利塔西塞普和Ianalumab这样的治疗方法的进步正在改善SLE和相关疾病的治疗选择.
- 对SLE患者来说,特别注意心血管风险至关重要,需要量身定制的风险评估策略.
相关概念视频
01:36Humoral Immune Responses
Overview
01:20Special Features of Adaptive Immunity
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
01:23Immunological Memory
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
01:22Development of Immunocompetence
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.