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对患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的成年人进行跨直流刺激 (tDCS) 的系统审查
Tianran Zhang1, Dimitrios Adamis2
1Department of Health & Nutritional Sciences, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland.
Journal of psychiatric research
|January 29, 2026
概括
超直流刺激 (tDCS) 可能有助于ADHD的成年人改善注意力不集中和一些认知功能. 然而,由于多样化的研究方法和ADHD神经调节的小样本大小,需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 神经调节是一种神经调节.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 越来越多地被认为是一种终身的疾病,具有持久的障碍.
- 虽然跨直流刺激 (tDCS) 对儿科多动症有希望,但对成年人的影响不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查TDCS对ADHD成年人的影响.
- 评估tDCS对临床症状,认知功能和神经生理学的影响.
主要方法:
- 在六个数据库中系统搜索成年ADHD中tDCS的受控试验.
- 提取关于临床,认知和神经生理学结果,不良事件和协议的数据.
- 使用唐斯和黑名单进行质量评估;对临床症状进行元分析,对其他症状进行叙事合成.
主要成果:
- 包括11项研究 (n=415);元分析表明,tDCS可能对注意力不集中 (I2=79.95%) 有好处,但对过度活跃/冲动性没有好处.
- 认知结果是混合的,抑制控制,工作记忆和注意力有所改善.
- 两项研究显示tDCS调节了前额神经生理学标志物; 协议差异很大,不良事件轻微.
结论:
- 在ADHD的成年人中,tDCS可能为注意力不集中和某些认知功能提供特定领域的好处.
- 由于方法异质性,样本规模小,数据有限,暂定结论.
- 未来的研究需要标准化的协议,更大的试验,神经生理学整合和个人差异分析,以实现精确的神经调节.
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