提供选择可以促进ADHD青少年的即时力量产生
Miguel Villa-de Gregorio1, Reza Abdollahipour2, Ludvík Valtr2
1Department of Language, Arts, and Physical Education Didactics, Faculty of Education- Teacher Training Center, Complutense University of Madrid, Almudena Building, 1 Rector Royo Villanova Street, University City, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Human movement science
|January 29, 2026
概括
自主支持,或提供选择,改善了注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 青少年的运动性能. 这也提高了他们对任务的兴趣和感知能力.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发展运动技能的发展.
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 患有注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的儿童和青少年经常表现出运动技能缺陷.
- 这些缺陷可能会阻碍参与体力活动,原因是动机降低和对控制环境的敏感性降低.
- 自主支持是提高各种人群运动性能的一个已知的因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查自主支持对ADHD青少年即时运动性能的影响.
- 检查自主性支持如何影响内在动机,特别是兴趣/乐趣和感知能力,在运动任务期间.
主要方法:
- 在26名被诊断患有多动症的青少年 (年龄在13-15岁) 中使用了受试者内部设计.
- 参与者在两个条件下执行最大力生产任务:选择 (选择手顺序) 和无选择 (预先确定的手顺序).
- 使用动力计测量最大力输出,通过内在动机库存评估内在动机.
主要成果:
- 与无选择条件相比,在选择条件下,最大力产量显著高于无选择条件.
- 在选择条件下,自我报告的兴趣/乐趣和感知能力也显著更高.
- 在两种条件之间的选择或压力/紧张感知中没有观察到显著的差异.
结论:
- 即使是最小的自主性支持也可以提高ADHD青少年的运动性能.
- 提供选择机会对内在动机的关键因素产生积极影响,包括兴趣和感知能力.
- 这些发现强调了自主性支持环境对于改善多动症青少年的运动技能和动机的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
597
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
597
01:20Mate Choice
11.7K
Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
11.7K
03:13Intermolecular Forces
70.9K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
70.9K
01:17Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adolescence
1.2K
Erik Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, "identity versus role confusion," is crucial during adolescence (ages 12 to 18). In this stage, adolescents face the developmental task of forging a distinct personal identity, a process influenced by social, psychological, and biological changes typical of this period. Adolescents naturally explore different roles, behaviors, and ideologies as they navigate complex questions of self-concept, asking, "Who am I?" and "What is my place in...
1.2K
01:24Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
303
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
303
02:36Electromotive Force
30.2K
Electricity is generated by either electrons or ions flowing through a solution or a conducting medium. This flow of electrons or specifically electrical charge is defined as an electric current. When electrons move through a wire, they generate an electric current. It can be recalled that in a redox reaction, electrons are lost and gained. In the spontaneous redox reaction of zinc with copper, when zinc is immersed in a copper ion solution, a transfer of electrons from one substance to...
30.2K