优化灌区的水分配,以提高可持续性和气候适应力
Yingshan Chen1, Mo Li2, Qiang Fu3
1School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Smart Water Network, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
协调的灌管理可以提高作物用水生产率和产量,同时大幅减少用水量和温室气体 (GHG) 排放. 这种可扩展的战略平衡了粮食安全与适应气候的农业可持续性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 灌对于农业生产力至关重要,但会增加水消耗和温室气体 (GHG) 排放.
- 气候变化加剧了这些挑战,创造了对可持续灌战略的需求.
- 目前的策略,以平衡作物产量,水生产率和减排在规模上的潜力仍然不确定.
研究的目的:
- 为气候适应性灌管理建立一个可扩展的框架.
- 确定协调灌分配是否可以维持粮食生产,同时提高用水效率和减少气候变化下的温室气体排放.
- 界定灌分配的潜力和限制,以使粮食安全与节水和碳中和保持一致.
主要方法:
- 使用DSSAT模型模拟作物生物物理反应.
- 提取水的生产功能通过随机森林进行快速预测.
- 使用NSGA-II识别Pareto最佳灌策略,与现实数据进行校准和验证.
主要成果:
- 优化灌使水生产率提高了11.84%,减少了8.6%的用水量,并将温室气体排放量减少了45.3%.
- 在气候变化下,优化分配将灌量减少6.9-9.3%,作物产量在三分之二的场景中增加 (高达31.3%的收益).
- 全国范围的预测显示,农作物水生产率上升了0.68%-18.55%,温室气体排放量减少了7.49%-32.90%.
结论:
- 协调灌优化有效地将农业生产与水消耗和碳排放脱.
- 该战略提供了一种强大而可扩展的方法来保障粮食安全.
- 它促进了农业的可持续性,并支持碳中和目标.
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