用于估计人口中泛性焦虑症患病率的工具:一个范围审查
Dinara Yessimova1, Pauline Sarah Münchenberg2, Chisato Ito2
1Department of Health Care Management, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences
|January 29, 2026
概括
这次审查发现,虽然许多研究使用各种工具估计了泛性焦虑症 (GAD) 患病率,但这些诊断仪器的准确性往往没有报告,这影响了可靠性. 对测试特征的一致报告对于有效的GAD患病率评估至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理测量验证 心理测量验证
背景情况:
- 一般焦虑症 (GAD) 影响0.8%-8%的人口,其特点是持续的焦虑和身体症状.
- 流行率估计依赖于诊断访谈和自我报告问卷,但其准确性有很大差异.
- 准确的GAD流行数据对于公共卫生规划和资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在人口研究中确定用于估计GAD患病率的诊断工具.
- 评估这些工具的诊断准确性报告的程度.
- 突出报告实践对GAD患病率估计的影响.
主要方法:
- 在MEDLINE,Embase和PsycINFO进行系统的文献搜索,寻找GAD患病率研究.
- 包括使用DSM-5,ICD-11或更旧的病例定义的国家或区域代表性样本的研究.
- 数据提取的重点是研究特征,使用的诊断工具以及测试准确度指标 (有效性,可靠性) 的报告.
主要成果:
- 在1994年至2024年间发表的48项研究符合纳入标准,主要来自欧洲,具有横截面设计.
- 结构化诊断面试是最常见的工具 (77.08%),自报告问卷在2005年后增加.
- 在62.5%的研究中报告了测试准确性,通常侧重于有效性和可靠性.
结论:
- 在GAD流行研究中,对诊断工具准确性的不一致报告可能会损害估计的可靠性.
- 不同的诊断工具之间一致性的变化需要对测试特征进行透明的报告.
- 需要改进报告标准,以提高全球GAD患病率评估的有效性.
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