鼻内S-2P和lentinan配方通过IFN-γ-主导机制对SARS-CoV-2VOCs提供广泛的保护
Zhendong Pan1, Xu Zheng1, Liangliang Jiang1
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
NPJ vaccines
|January 29, 2026
概括
用SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白 (S-2P) 进行鼻腔内接种疫苗可以诱导对COVID-19的强烈免疫力. 将S-2P与lentinan (LNT) 结合起来,可以提供广泛的保护,防止变异,这表明S-2P是一个有前途的粘膜疫苗候选人.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 由于SARS-CoV-2的快速突变和传播,需要有效的呼吸道粘膜疫苗.
- 目前的疫苗策略往往侧重于全身免疫,使粘膜免疫不那么受到重视.
研究的目的:
- 评估内SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白 (S-2P) 作为一种自我辅助的粘膜疫苗的潜力.
- 评估S-2P和S-2P与lentinan (LNT) 结合的防护效果,对抗SARS-CoV-2及其变种.
主要方法:
- 用S-2P抗原单独或用lentinan (LNT) 对小鼠进行鼻腔免疫接种.
- 系统和粘膜免疫反应的评估,包括IgG和IgA.
- 挑战使用祖先SARS-CoV-2和Omicron变种的研究.
- 评估涉及IFN-γ和CD8+T细胞的免疫机制.
主要成果:
- 鼻内S-2P疫苗接种通过综合素和STING依赖的途径诱导了强大的全身和粘膜免疫力.
- 接种S-2P疫苗对致命的祖先SARS-CoV-2提供了完全的保护,对Omicron变种提供了部分交叉保护.
- 同时使用S-2P与lentinan (LNT) 实现了对Omicron变异的完全保护,由IFN-γ介导,并且在很大程度上独立于CD8+ T细胞.
结论:
- 鼻内S-2P作为一种自我辅助的抗原,诱导对SARS-CoV-2的保护性免疫力.
- S-2P + LNT组合代表了一种安全的,广泛的粘膜疫苗候选人,用于对抗新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种.
- 揭示了除了中和抗体和T细胞免疫之外的新型保护机制.
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