在阅读理解过程中,可预测性效应不会受到视觉空间工作记忆负载的调节
1Department of English, Linguistics and Theatre Studies, National University of Singapore, Block AS5, 7 Arts Link, Singapore, 117570, Singapore. aine.ito@nus.edu.sg.
Memory & cognition
|January 29, 2026
概括
对于可预测的单词,阅读速度更快,即使认知负载很高,这种效果也保持不变. 视觉空间工作记忆 (WM) 对于在阅读过程中预测即将到来的单词并非必不可少.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 阅读包括处理单词的可预测性,更快地识别预期的单词.
- 在调节这种可预测性效应方面,工作记忆 (WM) 局限性的作用仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究视觉空间工作记忆 (WM) 的可用性如何影响阅读过程中可预测单词的处理.
- 确定是否需要WM资源来实时计算单词概率.
主要方法:
- 两个预先注册的实验是使用英语母语的人进行的.
- 实验1测量了目光持续时间和跳过概率.
- 实验2使用自律读数时间来评估在不同WM负载下对可预测性敏感的读数指标.
主要成果:
- 预测性和WM负载都显著影响了各个措施的阅读时间.
- 在实验2中观察到可预测性和WM负载之间的相互作用,但在实验1中没有.
- 实验2的后续分析复制了实验1的发现,没有显示相互作用,这表明最初的相互作用是人工制造的.
结论:
- 阅读的可预测性效应是强大的,即使在认知要求高的条件下.
- 在阅读过程中在线计算即将到来的单词概率不需要视觉空间WM资源.
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