相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 31, 2026

07:30
Robot-Assisted Kidney Transplantation
Published on: July 19, 2021
4.4K
解读复杂性:一个功能衰竭的病例,与COL4A5和APOE变体的共同遗传
Xiaoyan Zhang1, Shi Jin2, Xuantong Dai1
1Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
BMC nephrology
|January 29, 2026
概括
阿尔波特综合征是一种常见的遗传性病,可能有复杂的遗传原因. 脏活检在诊断阿尔波特综合征和理解变异透性方面补充了全外体序列测序.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 阿尔波特综合征 (AS) 是慢性病的主要遗传原因.
- 越来越多的COL4A3 / COL4A4 / COL4A5基因中发现的致病变体呈现出不同的表型.
- 与其他遗传性脏疾病变体共同继承AS变体使诊断复杂化.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查阿尔波特综合征的复杂病例与潜在的共同遗传变异.
- 评估全外测序和脏活检的诊断效用.
- 评估APOE京都变种在家庭环境中的透程度.
主要方法:
- 在患有功能衰竭和蛋白尿症的患者身上进行了全外体测序 (WES).
- 确定的基因变异包括一个COL4A5变异 (AS) 和一个APOE京都变异.
- 进行了脏活检,以区分阿尔波特综合征与脂蛋白结晶病变.
主要成果:
- WES发现了一种致病性COL4A5变体和一种异构卵性APOE京都变体.
- 脏活检证实了阿尔波特综合征,但没有显示出脂蛋白结晶病变的病变.
- APOE京都变种在患者的家庭成员中表现出不完全的透性.
结论:
- 脏活检对于诊断具有复杂遗传基础的阿尔波特综合征至关重要.
- 全外因子测序有助于识别多个遗传变异.
- 京都的APOE变种表现出不完全的透性,特别是在中国人群中.
相关概念视频
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
7.5K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.5K
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
37.2K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
37.2K
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
60.1K
In 1866, Gregor Mendel published the results of his pea plant breeding experiments, providing evidence for predictable patterns in the inheritance of physical characteristics. The significance of his findings was not immediately recognized. In fact, the existence of genes was unknown at the time. Mendel referred to hereditary units as “factors.”
60.1K
Non-nuclear Inheritance
23.2K
Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.
23.2K
Inheritance
1.6K
Gregor Mendel's pioneering work on the principles of inheritance fundamentally transformed our understanding of how traits are transmitted from generation to generation. His experiments with pea plants laid the groundwork for the discovery of genes, discrete units within organisms that control heredity.
Each gene exists in pairs, and the combination of these genes from both parents forms an individual's genotype. This genotype is a blueprint of potential traits. Examples of genotype...
Each gene exists in pairs, and the combination of these genes from both parents forms an individual's genotype. This genotype is a blueprint of potential traits. Examples of genotype...
1.6K
Histone Variants at the Centromere
5.0K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
5.0K

