外围神经质瘤的病理学
Miriam R Conces1, Yuichi Shibui2, Hiroyuki Shimada2
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. miriam.conces@nationwidechildrens.org.
Diagnostic pathology
|January 30, 2026
概括
神经母细胞瘤是一种常见的儿科癌症,表现出各种行为,并使用国际神经母细胞瘤病理学分类 (INPC) 来分类. 本综述详细介绍了其病理学,流行病学和风险因素,包括新兴的人工智能应用.
科学领域:
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
- 瘤生物学 瘤生物学
- 生物病理学 生物病理学
背景情况:
- 神经母细胞瘤是儿童最常见的额头外固体瘤,也是婴儿的主要瘤性疾病.
- 周围神经细胞瘤 (pNTs) 包括神经母细胞瘤,状神经母细胞瘤和状神经母细胞瘤,起源于神经细胞.
- pNTs表现出不同的临床行为,从自发回归到侵略性进展,表明不同的生物子组.
研究的目的:
- 提供对外围神经质瘤 (pNTs) 的综合性审查.
- 概述国际神经母细胞瘤病理学分类 (INPC) 并讨论预后因素.
- 探索神经母细胞瘤诊断和风险分层方面的进展,包括人工智能辅助系统.
主要方法:
- 关于神经母细胞瘤病理学,流行病学和临床特征的现有文献的审查.
- 讨论神经母细胞瘤诊断的活检技术 (核心针与传统).
- 对预后因素的分析,包括年龄,临床阶段和分子/遗传标记.
主要成果:
- 国际神经母细胞瘤病理学分类 (INPC) 是分类PNT的一个关键系统.
- 诊断时的年龄,临床阶段以及分子/遗传因素在风险分类系统中至关重要.
- 特定的分子异常与高度侵略性的神经母细胞瘤亚型有关.
结论:
- 准确的分类和风险分层对于管理神经母细胞瘤至关重要.
- 了解各种预后因素,包括分子细节,可以改善治疗策略.
- 人工智能有望提高神经母细胞瘤病理学分类.
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