牛平价与母乳平价在乳牛哺乳表现上的关系
1Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 P302, Ireland.
JDS communications
|January 30, 2026
概括
母的平价影响后代的哺乳性能,当母处于7.0的平价时,奶产达到峰值. 然而,对后代表现的总体生物学影响是最小的.
科学领域:
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 动物育种与遗传学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景情况:
- 随着性别精液的使用增加,群体级繁殖策略正在演变,突出需要了解对子对后代的影响. 现有的研究缺乏关于平度与乳牛随后的哺乳生产率相关的全面数据.
- 了解奶牛平价效应对于与延长奶牛寿命和优化育种计划相关的成本效益分析至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化母乳平价 (1至10+) 与后代哺乳产量,牛奶脂肪和蛋白质度以及体细胞计数 (SCC) 之间的关联.
- 评估牛对等性对这些特征的影响,以告知改善牛寿命的经济模型.
主要方法:
- 通过使用 1,833,875 个牛哺乳记录进行了横截面分析.
- 采用了线性混合模型,将牛作为随机效应纳入,以考虑异质的水母和牛平价差异组件.
主要成果:
- 后代牛奶产量随着水平价的增加而增加,水平价7时达到峰值,但随后下降. 同等性10+的奶牛比第一等性奶牛产奶量显著增加.
- 乳脂和蛋白质产量的峰值在年轻的母乳平价中观察到. 平均哺乳期体细胞分数 (SCS) 在平价2的后代中最高,随着更高的平价而下降.
- 牛平价影响了产量,产量达到5平价左右的峰值,尽管老牛的表现仍然优于第一平价的牛. 哺乳期SCC随着牛的平价增加.
结论:
- 母乳平价与后代的哺乳性能有关,但其生物学意义可以忽略不计.
- 牛平价显著影响哺乳性能,最佳产量在5平价附近,并且随着年龄的增长增加SCC,加强了在育种策略中考虑寿命的必要性.
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