关于修改植物碳 (E 153) 作为食品添加剂的规格的科学意见
EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority
|January 30, 2026
概括
关于食品添加剂植物碳 (E 153) 的新数据涉及杂质和颗粒特征. 该评估支持对有毒元素的限值进行修订,并为和多环芳 (PAHs) 添加新的限值.
科学领域:
- 食品添加剂安全 食品添加剂安全
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 材料表征 材料表征
背景情况:
- 食品添加剂植物碳 (E 153) 在2012年进行了重新评估,确定了有关杂质和颗粒特征的数据缺口.
- 欧盟委员会发布了一份数据征集呼吁,以解决这些发现的差距.
- 一位感兴趣的业务运营商 (IBO) 提交了有关有毒元素,多环芳 (PAH) 和商业E 153样本的颗粒大小分布的分析数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估IBO根据欧盟委员会关于植物碳 (E 153) 数据的要求提供的分析数据.
- 评估杂质的毒理影响,包括有毒元素和PAHs.
- 描述植物碳 (E 153) 的颗粒性质,并评估需要修改规格的必要性.
主要方法:
- 在商业E153样本中分析有毒元素 (,,,,,).
- 评估多环芳 (PAH),包括[a]和PAH4,及其相关风险.
- 评估粒子大小分布和形态数据,考虑到方法上的局限性.
- 在风险评估考虑中应用EFSA关于颗粒-TR的指导方针.
主要成果:
- 有毒元素数据支持对,,和的欧盟规范上限值进行修订,并为引入限值.
- 对[a]pyrene和PAH4的风险评估表明暴露幅度高于令人担忧的水平,建议[a]pyrene的较低限度,并为PAH4引入限度.
- 粒子表征数据的方法限制阻止了材料的完整表征和对粒子属性的规范的修改.
- 在植物碳 (E 153) 中证实了包括纳米粒子在内的小颗粒的存在.
结论:
- 提供的数据支持对有关有毒元素和PAHs的E 153的欧盟规格的修订.
- 目前的粒子表征数据不足以修改与粒子特性相关的规范.
- 由于存在纳米粒子,E153的风险评估应补充纳米规模的考虑.
关键词:
E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E153 E154 E155 E155 E156 E157 E157 E157 E157 E158 E158 E157 E158 E158 E157 E158 E158 E158 E158 E158 E158 E159 E158 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E158 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159 E159食品添加剂是一种食品添加剂.食品色素 食品色素是一种食品色素.植物碳是一种植物性碳.
相关概念视频
01:32The Scientific Method
265.4K
The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves formulating a question based on observation, developing a testable potential explanation for the observation (called a hypothesis), making and testing predictions based on the hypothesis, and using the findings to create new hypotheses and predictions.
Generally, predictions are tested using carefully-designed experiments. Based on the outcome of these...
Generally, predictions are tested using carefully-designed experiments. Based on the outcome of these...
265.4K
03:50The Scientific Method
66.1K
Chemistry is an empirical science. Scientists often pose questions to understand the chemistry in everyday life and seek answers to these questions. To achieve this, scientists follow a definitive series of steps that together make up the Scientific Method. This approach involves making observations, asking questions, building a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing results, and forming a conclusion.
66.1K
02:40The Scientific Method
65.1K
Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.
65.1K
02:31Scientific Laws and Theories
88.1K
Scientific Laws
88.1K
01:27Conjugate Addition (1,4-Addition) vs Direct Addition (1,2-Addition)
4.3K
α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds with two electrophilic sites, the carbonyl carbon, and the β carbon, are susceptible to nucleophilic attack via two modes: conjugate or 1,4-addition and direct or 1,2-addition.
Conjugate addition results in a thermodynamically stable product. The reaction retains the stronger C=O bond at the expense of the weaker C=C π bond. The process is slow as the β carbon is less electrophilic than the carbonyl carbon.
Direct addition products are...
Conjugate addition results in a thermodynamically stable product. The reaction retains the stronger C=O bond at the expense of the weaker C=C π bond. The process is slow as the β carbon is less electrophilic than the carbonyl carbon.
Direct addition products are...
4.3K
01:12Carbon Skeletons
115.0K
Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side...
115.0K