不同预康复计划对主要腹部手术患者群体的影响:系统性审查和网络元分析
Yue Sun1, Wenchao Mao1, Yaoyuan Li1
1Department of Rehabilitation, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in medicine
|January 30, 2026
概括
高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 和有氧运动可以在重大腹部手术前改善身体健康. HIIT最好减少并发症并改善氧气吸收,而有氧运动可以增加步行距离,多式联络计划可以缩短住院时间.
科学领域:
- 手术瘤学手术瘤学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 基于证据的医学是基于证据的医学.
背景情况:
- 大型腹部手术患者面临重大术后并发症和死亡率.
- 预康复提高了手术前患者的功能能力,以提高对生理压力的耐受性.
- 网络元分析评估了针对主要腹部手术结果的各种预康复计划.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较各种预康复计划在改善身体健康和外科手术结果方面的有效性.
- 为接受重大腹部手术的患者确定最佳的预康复策略.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Google Scholar,Cochrane) 进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2025年6月.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT),重点是主要腹部手术的预康复,测量VO2峰值,6MWT,LOS和并发症.
- 使用频率的随机效应网络元分析 (NMA) 来合成数据.
主要成果:
- 分析了31项涉及2,467名参与者的研究.
- 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 显著改善了VO2峰值 (MD = 2.29) 并减少了术后并发症 (OR = 0.03).
- 对于增加6分钟的步行距离 (MD = 71.67),有氧运动最有效,多式联络干预减少了停留时间 (MD = -1.50).
结论:
- HIIT显示了增强VO2峰值和减少主要腹部手术患者并发症的前景.
- 有氧运动提高了功能能力 (6MWT),而多式干预措施缩短了住院时间 (LOS).
- 治疗策略应根据患者的病情和持续监测进行个性化.
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